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Diplopia is the medical term for double vision. The prognosis for diplopia depends on whether the problem is monocular or binocular diplopia, the underlying cause and whether or not it is treatable. Examples of effective remedies for monocular diplopia include, corrective lenses for astigmatism can be corrected, removal of a cataract, and dry eye treatment. Binocular diplopia from childhood strabismus is treatable. Damage to a nerve that controls one of the eye muscles may be temporary or permanent. 

Ischemia is the medical term for an insufficient blood supply to the heart, brain or any body part. If the problem is due to a partial fixed obstruction, the symptoms may only occur if the body part is working harder. For example, angina (chest pain) happens when a person exercises putting more demand on the heart that has a partial blockage in one or more of the heart’s coronary arteries. The heart muscle cells need more oxygen than the heart is requesting to meet the higher demand of the faster heart beat and more powerful contractions. When the person rests, the chest pain should resolve.

Hypokalemia is the medical term for a low blood potassium level. A mild to moderately low potassium level can be treated with oral potassium as a liquid or as a tablet or powder dissolved in water. Extremely low potassium levels, especially ones causing symptoms such as weakness and palpitations, need immediate treatment with intravenous potassium.

No, dairy products are not bad for your health and are a good source for calcium. Also milk is often fortified with vitamin D. For many years, low-fat dairy has been promoted as healthier than regular or full fat dairy. However, new research has suggested that if you consume the same amount of calories from dairy, either as normal or low-fat, there may not be any health related differences.

Here are steps to take to lower your blood sugar to prevent or treat diabetes.

• Maintain your ideal body weight.

• Exercising regularly—like a brisk walk of 1-2 miles in 30 minutes—at least five times a week, even if that does not result in you achieving an ideal weight.

• Eat a healthy diet and limit simple sugars.

Migraines can be triggered by certain activities, foods, smells, bright light or emotions. Why any particular trigger sets off a headache is not known. Also it’s common for the same activity or other stimulus to only trigger a headache some of the time.

There are no exercises known to reliably cure disc disease in the lower back. In fact, certain exercise can make symptoms of disc disease worse in some cases, so it’s best to work with your doctor and/or a physical therapist to get an individualized recommendation regarding exercise, including which ones are best for you and which ones you should avoid.

That said, low-impact exercise, including swimming, cycling or yoga is often helpful.

These two stretching exercises can also help and are usually well-tolerated:

• Chair hamstring stretch – While sitting in a chair, straighten out your right leg while your left leg remains bent with the left foot on the floor. Gently lean forward over your extended right leg until you feel a slight stretch in the back of the right thigh. Hold for 15 seconds. Repeat with the opposite leg and continue alternating until each leg has been stretched 3 times.

• Knee-chest stretch – Lie on your back with your knees gently bent and feet on the floor. Place both hands behind the lower right thigh near the back of the knee and gently pull the knee up toward the chest. Hold for 15 seconds. Then repeat for the left knee and continue alternating for 3 cycles.

During cataract surgery, the surgeon removes the cloudy lens from the eye and replaces it with an artificial lens which cannot itself develop a cataract. While it is impossible to develop a cataract in the eye that had this surgery, there are other reasons that vision problems may develop after cataract surgery. For example, a new problem, such as macular degeneration, may develop. Or, the membrane holding the new lens in place may become wrinkled or cloudy, causing symptoms similar to those caused by a cataract. Usually, this can be effectively treated with a laser procedure.

A true ketogenic (keto) diet calls for up to 90% of your daily calories to come from fat. People often find they can achieve faster weight loss with a keto diet compared with a calorie-reduction diet. In the short term, a keto diet is probably safe. But people with type 1 diabetes who are already prone to ketoacidosis should always check with their doctor first. Staying on a keto diet long term is challenging, and it can be heavy on red meat and other fatty, processed, and salty foods that are notoriously unhealthy. Let your doctor know if you plan to stay on a long-term keto diet, since it may involve elimination of certain foods that are important to a balanced diet, like sources of fiber.

Anuria means that both kidneys have stopped making urine. This can happen with anything that causes acute kidney injury or during the final stage of chronic kidney disease. Anuria also can occur if there is blockage of urine flow in both ureters or blockage of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body.