Category: harvardhealth_news_UNDEFINED

Women and men require different nutritional approaches to promote muscle recovery after exercise. Optimally, women should refuel within 45 minutes, while men have up to three hours. Hormone differences drive women’s faster post-workout muscle breakdown. During the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, women may also crave more carbohydrates and want to eat more. Women should consume about 20 grams of protein within 45 minutes of working out. If fat loss is desired, women should cut calories at other times of the day, not after exercise.

Artificial intelligence, or A.I., has been used in women’s health care for decades. A.I. helps detect and track breast cancer, endometriosis, fibroids, cervical precancers, and other conditions. A.I.-driven mammography software may reveal more breast cancers than radiologists detect alone. A.I. may soon streamline women’s breast cancer risk assessment scores to aid screening. Experts once predicted that A.I. would replace radiologists, but that hasn’t happened and isn’t likely, according to Harvard specialists.

A 2024 study found that offering reminders or incentives seems to motivate people to walk more than they normally do. And people who are offered incentives such as money or game points walk more than people who receive only daily reminders to walk.

A 2024 study found that people with high blood sugar and high triglycerides are more likely to develop chronic stress, anxiety, or depression later in life, compared with people who have low or normal blood sugar levels.

A large observational study published in 2024 suggests that stroke isn’t the biggest risk of atrial fibrillation (an abnormal heart rhythm condition). The biggest risk seems to be heart failure, a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively.

Many people believe they have allergies to certain medications, even though they really don’t. It could be that they experienced only a drug side effect after taking a particular drug, not a true allergic reaction (which is an immune system response). Unfortunately, inaccurate information can limit treatment options. So it’s best to confirm a suspected drug allergy with an allergist. That typically involves getting a simple skin test or taking a very small dose of the medication in question in the presence of a medical team.

Screening methods for colorectal cancer continue to evolve. Stool tests are becoming more accurate, and it appears that an experimental blood test might one day provide another effective screening option. The most accurate colorectal cancer screening is a colonoscopy, which allows a doctor to peer inside the colon and rectum, find cancers, and remove potentially precancerous polyps on the spot to prevent future cancer. It’s unclear if a stool or blood test will ever be as good for screening as a colonoscopy.

Foods are an important source of dietary fluids. For example, eating the recommended two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables each day might provide about two cups of fluid. Dairy products, smoothies, and soups also contribute to fluid intake. The amount of fluid to consume each day from food and drink depends on a person’s body size and health needs. The National Academy of Medicine recommends about 11 cups (88 ounces) per day for women and 15 cups (120 ounces) per day for men.

Putting excessive stress on muscles can overstretch or tear muscle fibers. The resulting injury is called a muscle strain. The damage could be a small nick or lesion on muscle tissue. In severe cases, the muscle can rip into two separate pieces. If pain isn’t severe, it helps to take a break from intense activity, massage the muscle or use topical creams containing menthol, take over-the-counter painkillers, stretch the muscle gently, get enough sleep, eat protein at every meal, and consume lots of fluids. If pain persists, it’s best to see a doctor.

A 2024 study found that people who exercise regularly are much less likely to get COVID-19 or be hospitalized with it, compared with people who don’t exercise regularly. That’s because exercise keeps the immune system strong and able to fight off infection. Exercise enhances the ability of white blood cells to do battle; stimulates the production of antibodies in the lining of the nose, throat, breathing tubes, and lungs; and keeps the immune system from overreacting to infections and harming the body.