Month: August 2013

Men with prostate cancer and diabetes may survive longer if they take metformin instead of other diabetes drugs, a study finds. The study included more than 3,800 men ages 67 or older who had diabetes. They later developed prostate cancer, at an average age of 75. About one-third were taking metformin when the study started. Others used different diabetes drugs. Researchers kept track of the men for more than 4 years after their cancer diagnosis. Men who took metformin were less likely to die of prostate cancer or any cause than men who took other diabetes drugs. The death risk was 24% lower for each 6 months they took metformin after their cancer diagnosis. Metformin helps the body to use insulin better to turn glucose (sugar) into energy. This means the pancreas needs to make less insulin. Research suggests that insulin might help cancer cells to grow.

Teenagers are not using smokeless tobacco to avoid the health hazards of smoking, a new study finds. In fact, almost three-quarters of teen smokeless tobacco users also smoke. The new study was based on a national health survey of 18,866 students in grades 6 through 12. About 5.6% said they used some form of smokeless tobacco. Nearly all of them used tobacco, snuff or dip. Almost 2% used snus, and 0.3% used dissolvable tobacco. Boys were more than 4 times as likely as girls to have the smokeless habit. Among youth who used any smokeless product, 72% smoked as well. The authors said doctors should ask their young patients whether they use any tobacco products, and stress that all are harmful. Smokeless tobacco use was highest, 10.8%, for those ages 18 and up. About 2% of children ages 9 through 11 were users. The journal Pediatrics published the study online.

Putting a tattoo over a mole or birthmark can make it more difficult to notice changes that can lead to cancer, a new report suggests. The authors discuss the case of a young man who decided to have a large tattoo removed by laser. Doctors examined him and noticed a mole under the tattoo. It did not appear to be cancerous, but they suggested removing it. The man refused. During the next seven years of treatments to remove the tattoo, doctors became more concerned about how the mole looked. Finally, the man agreed to let them remove it. The mole turned out to be a melanoma. Sixteen similar cases have been reported in English-language journals, the authors said. They said that in general tattoos should not be placed over a mole or birthmark. If they are, the tattoos should not be removed by laser.

Hospitals can improve the discharge process for patients with heart failure, a new study finds. Following all 6 steps could reduce new hospital stays within 30 days. And that could save $100 million for the health care system, the study estimates. Researchers surveyed nearly 600 hospitals. They were part of a program to reduce hospital admissions for heart failure. On average, nearly 1 in 4 patients returned within 30 days after a hospital stay for heart failure. But specific steps were linked with a lower return rate. These hospitals had nurses supervise medicine plans. They also scheduled follow-up appointments before the patient left. They worked with other hospitals to use similar processes. They set up partnerships with doctors in the community. They sent discharge information to the patients’ doctors. And they called patients with test results that came in after discharge.

Older adults with anemia may be more likely to develop dementia. That’s the finding of a new study. Researchers looked at blood samples for more than 2,500 men and women in their 70s. About 400 had anemia. This means they had lower than normal levels of red blood cells. The study lasted 11 years. In that time, about 23% of those with anemia developed dementia. So did 17% of those without anemia. Researchers also adjusted their numbers to account for differences in age, race, sex, education and other factors between the 2 groups. They found that people with anemia were 41% more likely to develop dementia than those without anemia. The study does not prove that anemia causes dementia. Some other condition or lifestyle factor could increase the risk of both. The journal Neurology published the study online. HealthDay News wrote about it July 31.